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设计崩溃监控系统

问题​

如何设计一个 iOS 崩溃监控系统？

答案​

架构​

Crash 类型与捕获​

class CrashReporter {
    static func install() {
        // 1. ObjC Exception
        NSSetUncaughtExceptionHandler { exception in
            let stack = exception.callStackSymbols.joined(separator: "\n")
            CrashReporter.save(type: "exception", reason: exception.reason ?? "", stack: stack)
        }

        // 2. Unix Signal（EXC_BAD_ACCESS 等）
        signal(SIGSEGV) { signal in
            let stack = Thread.callStackSymbols.joined(separator: "\n")
            CrashReporter.save(type: "signal", reason: "SIGSEGV", stack: stack)
        }
        signal(SIGABRT) { _ in
            CrashReporter.save(type: "signal", reason: "SIGABRT", stack: "")
        }
    }

    private static func save(type: String, reason: String, stack: String) {
        let report = CrashReport(
            type: type,
            reason: reason,
            stack: stack,
            appVersion: Bundle.main.infoDictionary?["CFBundleShortVersionString"] as? String ?? "",
            osVersion: UIDevice.current.systemVersion,
            timestamp: Date()
        )
        // 写入本地文件（不能做网络请求，进程即将退出）
        let data = try? JSONEncoder().encode(report)
        let path = crashDirectory.appendingPathComponent(UUID().uuidString + ".crash")
        try? data?.write(to: path)
    }
}

符号化​

# 使用 atos 符号化
atos -arch arm64 -o MyApp.app.dSYM/Contents/Resources/DWARF/MyApp -l 0x100000000 0x100012345

关键指标​

指标目标
崩溃率< 0.1%（按用户去重）
捕获率尽量捕获所有类型
上报延迟下次启动立即上报
符号化自动关联 dSYM

常见面试问题​

Q1: Signal 处理器中能做什么？​

答案：只能调用 async-signal-safe 的函数（如 write、open）。不能调用 malloc、NSLog、Objective-C 方法。所以崩溃信息一般直接写文件。

相关链接​